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Georgia

Georgia, like all states, has a unique early childhood policy landscape that is shaped by economics, demographics, political history, coalitions, and other factors that create a state-specific environment for policy advocacy.

State early childhood policy progress is dependent both on the state’s environment and the numerous efforts—by the organizations listed on this page, parents, policymakers, practitioners, and many others—who work both independently and collaboratively to achieve wins for young children.

2025 State Early Childhood Policy Environment and Progress

Early Childhood Landscape:

Research shows that family economic security is foundational to children’s overall wellbeing. Research also shows that widespread disparities in opportunity (especially by race) drive wide disparities in outcomes. States with policies that offer strong support to young children and their families are more likely to see 1) declining numbers of children in low-income households and 2) low racial disparity among those children. 

Young Children in Low-Income Households: Declining

Approximately 41% (475,000) of the state’s children 0-8 live in households below 200% FPL (2022). This number represents a decrease from 48% (591,000) in 2017.1

Racial Disparity Among Young Children Living in Low-Income Households: High

Black, Hispanic/Latino, and Native children aged 0-8 are significantly more likely to be living in households below 200% FPL than are Asian and non-Hispanic White children.2

(NOTE: Selecting for age 0-8, state, and race can yield small cell sizes that can make percentages less accurate. Bars marked with S indicate data with extremely small cell sizes, which is not displayed. Bars marked with C should be interpreted with caution. Though the cell sizes are larger, they still fall below a threshold of reliability.)

Advocacy Landscape:

State Budget:

Key Revenue Sources (excluding federal transfers):4

      • Charges ($1,708 per capita)
      • Individual Income Taxes ($1,695 per capita)

Georgia uses all major state and local taxes. Charges are public payments connected with a specific government service, such as tuition paid to a state university, payments to a public hospital, or highway tolls. 

State Budget Rules:4

Georgia uses an annual budget. The legislature must pass a balanced budget, but it can carry a deficit over into the following year. Georgia does not have any other tax and expenditure limits. However, there are limits on total authorized debt and debt service incurred by the state.

Permanent State Funding Stream Dedicated to Early Childhood: Yes

Georgia funds its preschool program with dedicated lottery allocations. The state’s mixed-delivery system was created alongside the passage of the education lottery. During the 2024 legislative session, the Georgia General Assembly invested an additional almost $100 million to make critical improvements to Georgia’s Pre-K, including increasing pay for Pre-K lead and assistant teachers’ salaries,  reducing class size from 22 to 20 students/class, and increasing the amount of start-up grants for the first time since the program began in 1992.5

Political Alignment: Aligned Republican

During the 2025 session, the state’s Senate and House were both Republican controlled. The state’s Governor was also a Republican.6

Types of Ballot Measure Available: One

    • Legislature-Initiated Constitutional Amendments – A constitutional amendment that appears on a state’s ballot as a ballot measure because the state legislature in that state voted to put it before the voters.7

Key state policy advocacy organizations include:

Early childhood policy advocacy multi-state initiatives present in the state include:8

2025 Policy Progress:

Highlights from the state’s early childhood policy advocacy community include:9

new tax credit package:

1) establishes a $250 non-refundable child tax credit for children under age 6;

2) increases the state Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit (CDCTC) from 30 percent to 50 percent of the federal credit;

3) provides tax benefits to employers who make direct payments to child care facilities to cover a portion of employees’ child care costs.

This tax credit package, which received bipartisan and bicameral support, is a direct outcome of the Senate Study Committee on Access to Affordable Childcare. This will impact ip to 1,115,000 children under 13 whose parent(s) are both employed and in need of child care.

An additional $3.9 million in state general funds was allocated to provide for an additional 500 child care scholarships through Georgia’s Childcare and Parent Services (CAPS) Program. This amount was included in the Governor’s budget proposal and maintained by the legislature. $1.5 million was also allocated to CAPS to support increasing reimbursement rates for CAPS providers to the 60th percentile of market rate. Although advocates worked for a higher investment, this increase signals a recognition of the importance of this program and an opportunity to build on this win in future years.

The Georgia legislature appropriated $2.9 million to expand a home visiting pilot program, Perinatal Health Partnership, to improve birth outcomes, reduce pre-term delivery, and decrease infant and maternal mortality in rural Georgia.The investment expands Perinatal Health Partnership home visiting to 25 additional counties for a total of 75 counties. This allocation was included in the Governor’s budget and maintained by the legislature.   

The legislature allocated $550,895 to support the recruitment and retention of Babies Can’t Wait special instructors and service coordinators, professionals who support families who have young children with disabilities and developmental delays. These professionals have not seen a rate increase since the 1990s. Almost 200 service coordinators and 293 special instructors will receive rate increases as a result of this new allocation. 
 
The legislature passed SB 276, which prohibits third-party payers (such as private insurance companies, care management organizations, and pharmacy benefits managers) from denying payment to a provider based solely on a lack of prior authorization. This will especially help Babies Can’t Wait (Early Intervention) therapists who have indicated that prior authorizations requirements are a burden to providing care. Nearly 800,000 children under the age of 6 in Georgia will benefit from reduced administrative burdens for pediatric physical and mental health care providers across the state, especially the over 17,000 children enrolled in Babies Can’t Wait. 

The legislature allocated $14 million for year two of a four-year phase to reduce pre-k classroom size from 22 to 20 students to improve instructional quality. In 2011, that number was raised to 22 students to cut costs during the recession.  This is part of the House Working Group on Early Childhood Education’s recommendations that were primarily implemented last year with an historic investment in the program. This relatively large increase of state funding adds an additional 92 pre-k classes and reduces the class size for all of the participating children (around 73,000).

The Georgia House passed HR 847, which creates a House study committee evaluating funding for Georgia’s public health system. Five members of the Georgia House, including the chairs of Rules, Appropriations, and Health Appropriations, will join the committee.

Recently the state applied for an extension of Georgia’s Medicaid program for working adults, called Pathways to Coverage. If approved, this extension would include caretaking for children under the age of 6 as a qualifying activity in order to receive Medicaid coverage. 

Ongoing Grantee Areas of Advocacy:

Our key ally in Georgia, GEEARS: Georgia Early Education Alliance for Ready Students, is a statewide advocacy organization that rallies support for the healthy development and high-quality early learning of Georgia’s youngest children. At the local, state, and federal levels, GEEARS brings together families, businesses, and civic leaders with public and private partners. Together, they advance policies and build systems that poise all of Georgia’s children for success.

GEEARS is working to advance early childhood policies in several areas that align with the Alliance’s birth-through-eight policy framework:

Early Care and Education

Preschool and Pre-K

Child Care

Child Care Workforce

Child and
Maternal Health

Early Intervention (0-3)

Infant & Child Health 

Maternal Health

Family
Supports

Home Visiting

Family Economic Security

Paid Family and Medical Leave

Early Childhood Infrastructure

Early Childhood Finanace

Click here for more information on advocates’ policy agenda.

RECENT ADVOCACY SNAPSHOT:

Georgia Advocates Use Alliance Responsive Support to Advance Child Welfare Innovation

When a baby or toddler is removed from their family due to alleged maltreatment or neglect, children are often placed in a child welfare system that has not developed policies and practices with the needs of infants and toddlers in mind. In Georgia, early childhood advocates have worked with Alliance responsive support providers to win a solution for this problem—the implementation of an evidence-based court team approach.

Read More »

NOTES:

1 Kids Count Data Center, Annie E. Casey Foundation, Children Ages 0 to 8 Below 200 Percent Poverty, January, 2024. 

2 National Center for Children in Poverty, Children Ages 0 through 8 Below 200 Percent Poverty, October 2024, NCCP analysis of ACS 5-Year Estimates – Public Use Microdata Sample 2018-2022.

3 National Association of State Budget Officers, Proposed and Enacted Budgets, FY 2026.

4 Urban Institute, State Fiscal Briefs, April 2025.

5 Alliance for Early Success, State Examples of Dedicated Funding Streams, 2025

6 National Conference of State Legislatures, 2025 State & Legislative Partisan Composition, January 31, 2025.

7 Ballotpedia, Ballot Measures by State, Kids Count Data Center, 2025.

8 Alliance for Early Success, Multi-State Initiatives for Early Childhood Policy Advocacy, July, 2024.

9 Alliance for Early Success, State-Wide Advocacy Highlights Survey, April-October, 2025. 

More State Policy Data:

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More State Child Data:

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